Multiple Treatments for Seasonal Allergies
Seasonal allergies, also known as allergic rhinitis or hay fever, occur
due to exposure of a variety of allergens, such as pollen or mold. An
allergic reaction occurs when inflammatory cells produce substances such
as histamine that lead to inflammation. The condition is characterized by
nasal inflammation, which leads to symptoms such as itching, sneezing,
runny nose, red eyes, and congestion.
If possible, avoidance of a known allergen can be effective in reducing
symptoms. There are also many different types of medications available
to treat seasonal allergies. For nasal congestion, intranasal steroids,
such as fluticasone (Flonase, Flovent) and budesonide (Pulmicort,
Rhinocort), work to reduce inflammation. Antihistamines, such as cetirizine
(Zyrtec) and loratadine (Claritin), are available over-the-counter for relief
of seasonal allergy symptoms. Pseudoephedrine (Sudafed), a decongestant,
is available in combination with the antihistamines Zyrtec (Zyrtec-
D) and Claritin (Claritin-D) to improve relief of symptoms. Antihistamines
may also be prescribed in the form of nasal sprays, such as azelastine
(Astelin) and olopatadine (Patanol). Montelukast (Singulair) works to
block leukotrienes, which are substances that may be released in response
to allergen exposure, leading to allergy symptoms.