Anaphylaxis: A Severe Allergic Reaction
Anaphylaxis: A Severe Allergic Reaction
Anaphylaxis is a severe allergic reaction that can be life-threatening.
This reaction may occur in response to a certain type of food or drug to
which a person is allergic. Insect venom or latex also may cause anaphylaxis
in certain persons with allergies. Anaphylaxis occurs when the immune
system responds to substances called allergens. Antibodies are
normally produced by the immune system when foreign substances,
such as allergens, invade the body. During this normal response, chemicals
are released, which cause symptoms similar to allergy symptoms,
such as watery eyes and runny nose. When anaphylaxis occurs, an
increased amount of chemicals are released, resulting in a sudden drop
in blood pressure, difficulty breathing, or possibly death.
When the offending allergen is known to cause anaphylaxis, it is
important to prevent exposure to the allergen. Persons who are aware of
a severe allergy may be prepared to respond by carrying emergency
drugs at all times. Adrenaline (epinephrine) is a drug commonly used to
treat anaphylactic reactions. It is supplied in an number of forms including
an auto-injector called the EpiPen. This device is a combination of a
syringe and a concealed needle that will inject a single epinephrine dose
when it is pressed against the thigh.