What To Do About Strains and Sprains
Excess physical exertion may lead to sudden pain and swelling around muscles or joints. Stretching too far or slowing down abruptly are two possible causes of strains and sprains. A sprain occurs when a ligament is stretched or torn. The normal function of a ligament is to connect bones and help stabilize joints and prevent excessive movement. A collision, such as with another person during a sporting event, or a rapid change in direction are common causes of sprains. Ankles, knees, and wrists are frequent locations where sprains may occur. In contrast, a strain is caused by the stretching or tearing of muscle. An acute strain occurs when a muscle stretches abnormally far, or suddenly powerfully contracts. A chronic strain may result from overuse of a muscle over time. Strains are also commonly referred to as pulled muscles. Back injuries and pulled hamstrings are examples of common types of strains.
If a strain or sprain is mild, over-the-counter pain relievers such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen may be prescribed. Ice should be applied to the affected area as soon as possible to help reduce swelling. If the injury is severe, a brace or splint may be applied to limit mobility of the affected area. In the case of a ruptured muscle or torn ligament, surgery may be necessary.